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Writing a Research Paper

What Does the Assignment Require?

The first step in writing any research paper is to understand the assignment. Before you begin writing, make sure you ask your professor about any questions you have.

Some details that are important to know:

  • How long does the paper have to be (pages, number of words)? 

  • How many sources do you need?

  • What kinds of sources are allowed (e.g. books, articles, Websites)?

  • Does your paper need to answer specific questions or be arranged in certain sections?

  • What type of citation format does the professor prefer? 

  • Are there any other formatting details that need to be applied to the paper (e.g. double-spacing, headings)?

  • When is the paper due? Do specific aspects of the paper have different due dates or is the complete paper due on a certain date? 

  • What tasks are involved in writing this paper? – See Steps 2-6 outlined in the other tabs.

  • How long do you think it will take you to complete each task? 

  • Create a daily and weekly timetable based on the due dates and how long it will take you to complete each task.

Steps in the Research Process

  • Understand the Assignment: The first step in writing any research paper is to understand the assignment. Before you begin writing, make sure to ask your instructor any questions you have. 
  • Brainstorm for Ideas & Select a Topic: The topic may be assigned. If it's open to your choosing, select a current or controversial issue that is of interest to you. Use the databases and internet searches to gather ideas. 
  • Topic Background: Get some background information on your topic. It will make your search for books and articles much easier to navigate. 
  • Refine the Topic: If your topic is too broad, you will need to focus in on a more specific aspect of the topic. Geographic area and population group are good places to start. 
  • Make a List of Keywords: When you start searching write down words you see surrounding your topic. Words that might broaden or narrow your topic, synonyms, and key concepts. This word bank will help you do a better search. 
  • Locate and Analyze Your Information: Use the library's databases and collection to start researching. Reach out to library staff if you are having trouble finding sources. 
  • Form Your Thesis Statement: Write your topic as a thesis statement. 
  • Create an Outline: After doing all the research and finding the sources, create an outline of your paper to organize your thoughts. 
  • Write and Cite: Write your paper and make sure to properly cite your sources throughout.